مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 7 (تابستان 1394)

The association between some micronutrients deficiency and mood disorders has been demonstrated in several studies. But, the results of clinical trial regarding the effects of multivitamin complex on mood disorders are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of multivitamin complex supplementation on mood disorder, anxiety and depression in elderlies over 60 years old. In this clinical trial, 120 aged people with mild depression were randomly allocated to receive multivitamin complex tablet or placebo once daily with their meal for twelve weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, dietary intake, anthropometric indices and scores of depression, anxiety and mood disorders were assessed. This trial was completed by 114 elderlies after 12 weeks. The mean depression score was not different in two groups after intervention. The mean score of anxiety and mood disorders after intervention did not differ between groups. Similar results were obtained for weight and Body Mass Index. Significant enhancement of energy intake was illustrated by the measurement of participants’ dietary intake. The present study revealed that consuming a multivitamin complex in tablet form for 12 weeks had no effect on depression, anxiety and mood disorders in elderlies but can increase their appetite resulting in increase of their energy intake.

Because of unsaturated fatty acid content, trout and fish products are highly perishable. For this reason, preservatives are used to prevent or delay spoiling during storage. The aim of this study was determination of antioxidant activities of pomegranate seeds extracts on lipid quality of trout fillet stored at 2-4°C. Prepared fish fillets were divided into two groups. One group was trout fillet without extract (control) and one in pomegranate seeds extracts that were stored in refrigerator for 6 days. Chemical tests such as Peroxide Value (PV), Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), Total Volatile Basic Nitrogen (TVB-N) and Free Fatty Acids (FFA) were used to determine perishability of trout fillet. The PV, TBA, TVB-N and FFA were significantly (P < 0.05) lowest in the samples treated with ethanolic extracts of pomegranate seeds as compared to control group. (PV = 2.62 meq o2/kg, TBA = 1.26 mg MDA/kg, TVB-N = 22.13 mg/100g and FFA = 1.2 percent Oleic acid). The result of this study demonstrated that pomegranate seeds extracts were efficiency to prevent lipid oxidation in trout fillet stored at refrigerator temperature.

Prepared vegetables mixes are one of the most promising developments in the fresh-cut food industry. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Origanum compactum (oregano), Eugenia caryophyllus (clove), and Zataria multiflora Boiss (zataria) essential oils (EOs) to control the growth of potentially cross contaminating pathogens and endogenous microbiota in commercial vegetable leaves, processed in a fresh-cut produce company. After the sanitizing washing step, 25 grams of vegetables were packed in strile poly-ethylen bags and sprayed by various concentrations (3, 5 and 10 percent) of emulsions of EOs (0.8 ml). Zataria EO emulsions of 3 percent, 5 percent and 10 percent reduced Escherichia coli O157:H7 by 1.7, 2.2 and 3.5 log cfu/g in vegetables after 5 days of storage at 7 °C. By contrast, reductions in E. coli O157:H7 counts remained the same when clove was applied at concentrations of 5 percent and 10 percent (2.5 log cfu/g reduction). Oregano (10 percent) reduced inoculated E. coli O157:H7 counts in vegetables by a maximum of 0.5 log cfu/g after 5 days of storage at 7 °C. Zataria showed strong antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli O157:H7 and also against the endogenous microbiota of vegetables stored for 9 days. Feline calicivirus (FCV), anorovirus surrogate, survived on inoculated vegetables during refrigerated storage (9 days at 7 °C) regardless of treatment. Refrigeration temperatures completely annulled the effectiveness of the EOs against FCV. This study shows that EOs, and zataria in particular, have great potential use as an additional barrier to reduce contaminationrelated risks in salads.

Introduction and Diabetes is a disease with high and increasing prevalence rate which can affect all aspects of patients’ life, especially quality and satisfaction of life. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life in patients with type II diabetes in comparison with healthy people in Larestan. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 124 patients with type II diabetes that were chosen randomly from the patients referred to diabetes association of Larestan and 124 healthy people. Healthy subjects were selected from patients’ neighbors and were grouping matched for age and sex. Demographic questionnaire and SF-36 quality of life questionnaire were completed for all subjects. All statistical analysis was performed by SPSS v.16. Independent t-tests and Chi-square tests were used to analysis data. The mean and standard deviation of life quality in patients with diabetes and in healthy people were 57.42 ± 19.20 and 69.02 ± 15.62, respectively (P < 0.001). In all aspects, quality of life score was significantly lower than healthy subjects (P < 0.01). Diabetes type II substantially decrease the quality of life of patients, hence it is necessary to improve their quality of life.

Positive psychology introduce mental health as a positive psychological functioning and represent it as wellbeing psychology and having positive characteristics such as self-esteem, positive social relationships, and life satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological wellbeing of postmenopausal women based on the behavioral analysis phase of PRECEDE model. This study is a cross-sectional survey and carried out through random sampling in the case of 110 postmenopausal women at Ferdows city, Iran in 2014. The psychological wellbeing variable was studied by Ryff test, including 84 questions and six components containing autonomy, purposeful in life, dominance on environment, personal development, positive relationships with others, and self-acceptance. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS v.20 using descriptive statistics and analytic statistics through correlation and ANOVA. The mean age of participants and the average number of their children were 51.62 ± 4.26 and 3.42 ± 1.38, respectively. 61.80 percent of participants had primary education. Pearson correlation test indicated a positive and significant relationship between psychological wellbeing and predisposing factors (knowledge, attitude toward menopause), environmentalbehavioral factors, enabling factors and reinforcing factors (P < 0.01). The results indicated that increasing awareness, creating positive attitude and promoting healthy behaviors are the effective steps to improve the psychological wellbeing in postmenopausal women.

Introduction and Pregnancy is a good time for changing the feeding behaviors. Nutritional education plays an important role in maternal and child health promotion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education based on Health Belief Model during pregnancy on knowledge and attitude of women. This quasi-experimental study was conducted among pregnant women referred to health centers of Gonbad Kavoos city in 2013. Cluster sampling was used for selection of 80 subjects in each study groups, and data were collected using an unstructured questionnaire. Validity and reliability of questionnaire were evaluated by panel of experts, test-retest and reported as Cronbach’s alpha. Classified information of two groups were compared before and 2 months after intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS v.16. After educational intervention, the mean score of knowledge and Health Belief Model constructs, were significantly increased in intervention group than the control. But the mean of cuse to action of the experiment group, was not significantly different compared to the control. Education based on Health Belief Model was effective on knowledge and attitude of pregnant women about nutrition and educational interventions in this field are recommended.

Introduction and Safe and good quality drinking water is one of the most important human needs. The effect of ground water contamination is one of the most important concerns of public-health worldwide. The purpose of this was to investigate the chemical and physical quality of ground water resource in rural areas of Babol city. Sampling of this cross sectional- descriptive study carried out during 2011-2012. 14 physical and chemical parameters were measured in 78 random samples of 39 stations in Spring and Autumn. The results were analyzed by descriptive statistical method and were compared with the standards of ground water quality of Iran, WHO and Shuler’s diagram. The findings of this study indicated that the concentration of Nitrate, Nitrite, Sulfate, Chloride, Calcium, Sodium, EC and pH were within the standard range, but the level of turbidity, total hardness and Fe at 7.7, 5.13 and 20.5 percent of samples are higher than the standard limits and fluoride concentration that ranged from 0.02 to 1.13 ppm, where lower than the standard limits in 87.2 percent samples and 12.8 percent water samples were within optimum limit i.e. 0.5-1.5 ppm. According to Shuler’s diagram, the parameters of water quality ranged between good and medium situations. Based on the results, the mean concentration of most physico -chemical parameters in Babol’ village’s drinking water is based on 1053 standard limit in Iran, but the fluoride level is lower than the maximum contaminant levels in many villages. Therefore, by addition of fluoride to water supplies of these regions, deficiency complications would be prevented.

Introduction and According to the lack of resources and for achieving an acceptable level of health; we should use these resources for high priority research projects. In this regards, the aim of this study was to explain the research in education priorities from the viewpoint of authorities and experts of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. In this descriptive health system research, the researches in education challenges were extracted by co-working of stakeholders of university (21 person). For designing the assessment form, research fields and the scoring criteria were identified with brainstorming technique and finalized and completed with Delphi technique. For determination of the priorities we used from assessment designed form. The final score was determined by summing the score of each criterion. In total, 24 subjects were obtained as the most important research in education challenges in three fields of educational planning, educational management, and educational evaluation. The obtained Priorities according to scores were: clinical skills, cost-effectiveness in education, educational planning, ambulatory training, faculty performance, educational needs of students, learning styles in research in education, communication skills. Offering the research in education challenges, besides conducting research topics, is a proposing towards the priorities, if considered to policymakers, reviewers and research projects approvers can be operated as a tool for optimal use of limited financial resources.